YKSD
Biology Key Points
Chapter 10 "Staying Healthy"
Lesson
1 "How the Body Fights Disease"
Key Vocabulary Terms
- Infectious
disease - an illness that can pass from person to person
- Plague - an infectious
disease that spreads quickly and kills many people
- Pathogen - a germ
- Virus - a type of
germ that is not living
- Immune system - the
body's most important defense against infectious diseases.
- Phagocyte - a white
blood cell that surrounds and destroys pathogens.
- Lymphocyte - a white
blood cell that produces antibodies
- Immunity - the ability
of the body to fight off a specific pathogen
- Vaccine - a material
that causes the body to make antibodies against a specific pathogen before
that pathogen enters the body
- Sanitation - thee
practice of keeping things clean to prevent infectious disease.
Key
Concepts
- An
infectious disease is a disease that can pass from one person to another.
- The bodies first line
of defense against pathogens is the skin and lining of the nose, mouth,
and throat.
- Antibodies bind with
pathogens so that they are unable to function in the body.
- Vaccines cause the
body to make antibodies against pathogens that cause specific diseases.
- Sanitation helps keep
food, water, and other things clean and pathogen-free.
Did
you learn these Objectives?
- Are
you able to explain what an infectious disease is and how it is caused?
- Can you list the body's
main defenses against pathogens?
- Are you able to describe
how infectious diseases can be prevented?
Lesson
2 "Good Nutrition"
Key Vocabulary Terms
- Nutrition
- the types and amounts of foods a person eats
- Calorie - a unit used
to measure the amount of energy a food contains.
- Food Guide Pyramid - a guide for good nutrition
Key
Concepts
- Nutrients
are the parts of food that the body uses for energy, growth, and other life
activities.
- You get most of your
energy from carbohydrates although proteins and fats and oils also provide
some energy.
- Your body repairs
itself with proteins.
- Your body needs many
vitamins and they do different things for you. for examples turn to page
250.
- The Food Guide Pyramid
is a chart that shows the kinds and amounts of foods to eat each day for
good nutrition.
Did
you learn these Objectives?
- Are
you able to list the six types of nutrients your body needs every day?
- Can you describe how
your body uses those nutrients?
- Are you able to use
the food Guide Pyramid to make healthy food choices?
Investigation
10 "Reading Food Labels" (Optional, must complete 10 total investigations)
Key
Concepts and Objectives
- You
will use your skills of communicating, collecting and interpreting data,
inferring; comparing and contrasting, drawing conclusions to determine how
the nutrients in different foods compare?
- You will determine
the kinds and amounts of nutrients in different packaged foods.
Lesson
3 "Healthy Habits"
Key Vocabulary Terms
- Habit
- something you usually do, often automatically
- Drug - a substance
that acts on the body and changes the way the body works.
- Drug abuse - using
a drug when there is not a health reason for taking it.
Key
Concepts
- A
habit is an activity one does routinely or automatically, without having
to think about it.
- The two main reasons
people are overweight are they eat too many calories and don't get enough
exercise.
- Experts recommend
exercising at least 30 minutes daily, up to 60 minutes most days.
- Avoiding drug abuse
is important because side effects of drug abuse are dangerous; other results
cause serious health problems over time; taking drugs is linked to failure
in school and poor judgment.
- You can cope with
stress by identify problems and solve them. Exercise, eat right, and get
enough rest. Share your feelings with a trusted friend and find ways to
laugh.
Did
you learn these Objectives?
- Are
you able to explain why exercise is important and how much exercise you
need.
- Can you explain why
avoiding drug abuse is important.
- Are you able describe
what stress is, some signs of stress, and ways to cope with stress.
Chapter
Summary and Review
See page
262-263
Chapter
10 Review answers are