YKSD Biology Key Points

Chapter 13 "The Behavior of Organisms"

 

Lesson 1 "Innate Behavior"

 

Key Vocabulary Terms

• Behavior - the wayan organism acts
• Stimulus- anything to which an organism reacts
• Innate behavior - a behavior tht is present at birth
• Reflex - an automatic response
• Instinct - a pattern of innate behavior
• Courtship behavior - beganior that helps attract a mate
• Territorial behavior - behavior that claims an defends an area
• Phototropism- the response of a plant to light.
• Gravitropism - the response of plant to gravity.

 

Key Concepts

• Innate behavior is behavior that is present at birth.
• Courtship behavior help animals recognize other animals of the same species for mating.
• Territorial behaviors help animals defend an area in which to find food, shelter, and a mat and to raise their young.
• Many of plant responses help them to survive; responses to light help plants get sunlight to make food. responses to gravity help plants get needed nutrients. Responses to touch help plants get food, protect them from animals, conserve water, and grow in certain ways.
• Plants do not behave as animals do. However, plants do respons to stimuli, such as light, gravity, and touch.

 

Did you learn these Objectives?

• Are you able define innate behavior and give two examples?
• Can you list examples of courtship behavior, nest-building behavior, and territorial behavior?
• Are you able to describe plant responses to light, gravity, and touch?

 

 

Lesson 2 "Learned Behavior"

 

Key Vocabulary Terms

• Learned behavior - behavior that results from experience
• Imprinting - Learning in which an animal bonds with the first object it sees.
• Observational learning - learning by watching or lstening to the behavior of others.
• Trial and error learning- learning in which an animal connects a behavior with a reward or a punishment.
• Conditioning - learning in which an animal connects one stimulus with another stimulus.
• Insight - The ability to solve a new problem based on experience.

 

Key Concepts

• Learned behaviors may change over an organism's lifetime with experience. Innate behaviors do not change over a lifetime, but they can change over generations.
• Imprinting is a learned behavior because and animal bonds with the first object it sees after hatching.
• Birds use innate and learned behaviors. However, birds must hear adult birds sing to learn the song of their spacies.
• Insight is a result of experience. The animal solves the problem mentally before performing it. An animal acting on instinct performs correctly the first time but does not have to think about how to perform it. The animal that acts on instinct is not solving a problem.

 

Did you learn these Objectives?

• Are you able to tell the difference between innate and learned behaviors?
• Can you define and give an example of each of the different typess of learned behaviors?
• Are you able to explain how learned behavior helps animals survive?

 

 

 

Investigation 13 "Observing Learning Patterns" (Optional, must complete 10 total investigations)

Key Concepts and Objectives

• You will use your skills of observing, communicating, inferring, organizing information, and making generalizations to find out if you can learn to do a task faster by practicing it..
• You will compare the learning rates for completing a maze.

 

 

 

Lesson 3 "How Animals Communicate"

 

Key Vocabulary Terms

• Communication - sending information
• Channel - a way of communicating

 

Key Concepts

• To send and receive information is why animals communicate.
• Animals use many channels to communicate: chemical signals, visual signals, and sounds.
• Bees communicate about food with other bees by doing a dance in a pattern that shows other bees the direction and the distance of food from their hive.
• Animals use chemical signals to communicate such as dogs and cats marking territory and ants mark a path.
• Language helps humans survive because humans can passtheir knowledge to others to help solve problems.

 

Did you learn these Objectives?

• Are you able to define communication?
• Can you identify different channels of communication
• Are you able to give examples of different kinds of animal communication?
• Are you able to explain how human language helps humans survive?

 

 

Chapter Summary and Review

See page 348-349

Chapter 13 Review answers are