Chapter 13, Lesson 3, "Mountains"

Materials:

• Worksheet, "Mountains"

Objective:

• Students will describe two ways that mountains form (in addition to volcanoes)
• Students will identify forces that cause mountains to form.
• Students will name three types of movement along faults.

Anticipatory Set:* Teacher will flatten out several samples of clay prior to class. Teacher will then remind students how sedimentary rock forms by laying several layers of clay on top of each other. Next the teacher will apply pressure to the rock which will cause several faults and mountains to form. Teacher will then crack the rock and see how the different layers of rock have been twisted and turned.

Teacher Input:* Show the students this picture of rock as it is formed then as it is folded. This folding of rock can occur as plates push into on another. As plates move together or apart rocks can be changed in various ways. They can be bent or folded. Most folding occurs because of compression of plates. When rocks have folded, geologist need a vocabulary to talk about the rocks at different parts of the folds so they have come up with these terms. When a fold is quite old such as in the Appalachian Mountains several parts of the fold may be worn away by erosion. This can lead to exposed layers of rock showing the folding that occurred. Sometimes folding can be very complex such as in the Alps. In very complex folding often the rock breaks apart which is called a fault breaking . When the two plates are moving apart causing the break it is a normal fault. When the two plates are pushing together and the rock breaks it is a reverse fault. When the two plates are sliding next to each other and a break occurs, this a strike-slip fault. Now for how all this leads to building mountains. Use this series of five slides to explain how rock laid down normally in an ocean can become huge mountains. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Guided Practice:* Each site will be given a question from page 319. Students will then take turns answering the questions.

Independent Practice:* Students will complete the worksheet, "Mountains"

Check for Understanding:* Students will complete the quiz, 13-03, Chapter 13 Lesson 3, "Mountains"

Duration:

30 minutes + 10-15 for Independent Practice (Could be longer if taken for homework).

Alaska Content Standards Addressed in this lesson:

• SCI A-4 Students will understand observable natural events such as tides, weather, seasons, and moon phases in terms of the structure and motion of the earth (Earth);
• SCI A-5 Students will understand the strength and effects of forces of nature, including gravity and electromagnetic radiation (Forces of Nature);
• SCI A-6 Students will understand that forces of nature cause different types of motion and describe the relationship between these forces and motion (Motion);
• SCI A-7 Students will understand how the earth changes because of plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, erosion and deposition, and living things (Processes that Shape the Earth);

• SCI A-15 Students will use science to understand and describe the local environment (Local Knowledge); and: