Lesson 1 "What to Do First"

Turn to Page 304 Read the brief introduction to the chapter and look at the goals you will achieve this chapter.

Scan Pages 305-306; focus on the cream colored boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 305-306 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Read Pages 305-306 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 306? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 1 "What to Do First" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 1 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Emergency Medical Service (EMS) - an intercommunity emergency system that sends out fire, police, and ambulances by dialing 911 or 0 for operator.

First aid - The immediate care given to a sick or an injured person before professional help arrives.

Good Samaritan Laws - the laws that protect people who assist victims in an emergency

Infection - contagious

Universal Precautions - the methods of self-protection that prevent contact with blood or other body fluids.

Section Review Answers

1. First aid is the immediate emergency care given to a sick or an injured person before professional help arrives.
2. It is important to remain calm so that you can think clearly and provide the best care possible.
3. Good Samaritan Laws are laws that protect people who provide first aid in an emergency.
4. Three examples of Universal Precautions are wearing latex gloves, wearing masks, and properly disposing of materials that have come into contact with body fluids.
5. you would first make sure there is no immediate danger in the area. Then you would find out if the person is right. If not, you would call 911 for help or send someone else to call. Then cover the victim with a blanket or coat and wait for help to arrive.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you list the general guidelines for providing first aid?

Lesson 2 "Caring for Common Injuries"

Scan Pages 307-310; focus on the cream colored boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 307-310 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Take a look at the questions on page 310 so you know what to look for while reading.

Read Pages 307-310 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 310? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 2 "Caring for Common Injuries" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 2 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Elevate - raise

fracture - A cracked or broken bone

Splint - a rigid object that keeps a broken limb in place

Sprain - the sudden tearing or stretching of tendons or ligaments.

Heat exhaustion - a condition resulting from physical exertion in very hot temperatures.

heatstroke - a condition resulting from being in high heat too long.

Hypothermia - a serious loss of body heat resulting from being exposed to severe cold temperatures.

Frostbite - a tissue injury causing the tissue to freeze due to overexposure to cold temperatures.

Rabies - a disease transmitted to humans through animal bites.

Transmit - spread.

Section Review Answers

1. ICE stands for immobilize, cold, and elevate, the three things you do to the injured area when you suspect someone has a fracture or sprain.
2. The three types of burns are first-degree burns.
3. heatstroke is a condition that results from being in high heat too long. Victims of heatstroke do not sweat. They also can have red skin, vomiting, rapid pulse, confusion, very high body temperature, and sudden unconsciousness.
4. You should wash the area immediately with soap and water and apply a dressing. You should also seek medical care if the animal is not a family pet.
5. I the person was having heat exhaustion, you would see the following warning signs: weakness, heavy sweating, muscle cramping, headache, dizziness.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe basic first aid techniques for common injuries?

Lesson 3 "First Aid for Bleeding, Shock, and Choking"

Scan Pages 311-313; focus on the cream colored boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 311-313 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Scan for an read the short articles and tips that you find on Pages 311-313.

Read Pages 311-313 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 313? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 3 "First Aid for Bleeding, Shock, and Choking" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 3 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Shock - the physical reaction to injury in which the circulatory system fails to provide enough blood to the body.

Heimlich maneuver - firm, upward abdominal thrusts that force out foreign objects blocking an airway

Section Review Answers

1. When providing first aid for severe bleeding, stop the bleeding, protect the would from infection, treat the person for shock, and get EMS help quickly.
2. Elevating the legs of someone in shock keeps blood flowing to the heart.
3. The universal sign for choking is using the thumb and index finger to clutch the throat.
4. Patting a choking person's back is dangerous because it could cause the object to go farther down the windpipe and make matters worse.
5. If you are unable to remove the foreign object, you should try to finger sweep.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Are you able to demonstrate the Heimlich maneuver and describe the universal sign for choking?

Lesson 4 "First Aid for Heart Attacks and Poisoning"

Scan Pages 315-318; focus on the cream colored boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 315-318 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Scan for and read the short articles and tips that you find on Pages 315-318.

Read Pages 315-318 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 318? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 4 "First Aid for Heart Attacks and Poisoning" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 4 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Cardiac arrest - a condition in which the heart has stopped beating and there is no pulse

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) an emergency procedure for cardiac arrest.

Irregular - Not normal

Compression - the act of pressing down.

Oral poisoning - the poison that is eaten or swallowed.

Contact poisoning - a poison that comes in contact with the skin

Inhalation poisoning - a poison that is inhaled.

Section Review Answers

1. A heart attack occurs when a blood to vessel supplying blood to the heart becomes blocked and part of the heart becomes damaged.
2. The fours basic steps of CPR are: Make an open airway; Find out if breathing has stopped; find the proper had position for compressions; give 15 compressions followed by two full breaths.
3. Oral poisoning occurs when a harmful substance is swallowed. Contact poisoning occurs when a poison comes in contact with the skin. Inhalation poisoning occurs when a person on inhales harmful gases.
4. If someone has swallowed a poison, call the poison control center immediately.
5. You should check for breathing and a pulse. If these are not present, begin CPR immediately.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain the steps of rescue breathing and CPR?

 Preparing for Chapter 15 Test

Turn to Page 319 and read the Chapter 15 summary.

On pages 320-321 you will find the Chapter 15 review, complete the review.

Check your answers with those in the Key Points.

Take the Chapter 15 Test "First Aid for Injuries"

Review the answers then print the results for your records.

Chapter 15 Review answers

1. sprain
2. First aid
3. fracture
4. Good Samaritan Laws
5. poison
6. Frostbite
7. cardiac arrest
8. splint
9. hypothermia
10. Universal Precautions
11. heatstroke
12. cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
13. Heimlich maneuver
14. shock
15. Three basic guidelines for first aid are the following: (1) Look around the area to make sure there is no danger to yourself or the victim. (2) Find out if the victim is conscious. If the victim is not conscious, stay there and ask someone to call for help. (3) If the victim is conscious, check for injuries, cover the victim with a blanket or coat, and apply pressure to bleeding areas.
16. Broken bones or sprains should be immobilized, iced, and the limb should be elevated. for first-a nd second-degree burns, remove the source of heat, apply cool water, and cover the area loosely with a bandage. Call help immediately for third-degree burns. Treat heat exhaustion by moving the person out of the heat, loosening clothing, applying a cool cloth, and offering sips of water. For heatstroke, call EMS immediately. for an unconscious victim, check for breathing and fa pulse. If these are not present, begin CPR immediately.
17. The Heimlich maneuver is a series of firm, upward abdominal thrusts that force out foreign objects blocking an airway.
18. To start CPR on someone who is having a heart attack, tilt the head back and lift the chin to open the airway. Use the finger sweep method to check for any foreign matter that may be blocking the airway.
19. If the child was bitten by a neighbor's dog, wash the area with soap and water and apply a dressing. Talk to the neighbor to find out if the dog has rabies shots.
20. Tell the person that he or she should chew the food well and not talk with a mouth full of food.

Congratulations you finished Chapter 15!!