Lesson 1 "What are Molecules"

Turn to page59 look at the picture on those pages read about it and the short introduction to Chapter 3

Visually Scan Pages 60-64; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 60-64 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Look for and read any little blue boxes on pages 60-64

Read Pages 60-63 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 64? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 1 "What are Molecules" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 1 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Molecule - the smallest particle of a substance that has the same properties as the substance.

Atom - the building block of mater.

solid - a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume.

liquid - a form of matter that has a definite volume bu no definite shape.

gas - a form of matter that has no definite shape or volume.

state of matter - the form that matter has- solid, liquid, or gas.

plasma - a very hot gas made of particles that have an electric charge.

Section Review Answers

1. No, one tiny grain of sugar is made up of many sugar molecules. A single molecule is too small to be seen.
2. Amolecule of water has three parts - one large atom and two small atoms.
3. In a solid, the molecules pull toward each other and vibrate. In a liquid, the molecules slide past each other, moving around easily. In a gas, the molecules are the farthest apart and move around freely.
4. Plasma is a very hot gas made of particles that have an electric charge.
5. Molecules are close together in solids.
6. Solids have a definite shape and volume.
7. Liquids have no definite shape, but do have a definite volume.
8. Liquids take the shape of the container.
9. The attraction between molecules is weakest in gases.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe the size of molecules?

Are you able to explain what a molecule is?

Can you explain how molecules move in each of the three states of matter?

Can you describe plasma?

Lesson 2 "What are Elements?"

Visually Scan Pages 65-69; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 65-69 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Read Pages 65-68 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 69? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 2 "What are Elements" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 2 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Element - matter that has only one kind of atom.

Natural element - an element found in nature.

Section Review Answers

1. An element is matter that is made of only one kind of atom.
2. A natural element is one that occurs in nature.
3. Your answer may include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, and zink.
4. Table solt is not an element because it is made up of two different kinds of atoms. An element is matter that is made up of only one kind of attom.
5. Calcium and phosphorus help build and maintain bones.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain what an element is?

Can you explain what a natural element is?

Are you able to give examples of natural elements?

Lesson 3 "What are Compounds?"

Visually Scan Pages 70-72; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 70-72 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 70-72.

Read Pages 70-71 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 72? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 3 "What are Compounds" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 3 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

compound - a substance that is formed when atoms of two or more elements join together.

Section Review Answers

1. A compound is a substance that forms when two or more elements join together.
2. Table salt, water, sugar, baking soda, and Epsom salts are examples of compounds.
3. The gas is a compound because it is made up of atoms of two different elements joined together.
4. Two common compounds that contain sodium are table salt and baking soda.
5. Four compounds that contain oxygen are water, sugar, baking soda, and Epsom salts.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain what a compound is?

Are you able to give examples of compounds?

 Investigation 3-1 "Breaking Down Water"

Optional, (must complete 3 this quarter)

Gather the materials you need; safety glasses, water, to 50cm pieces of copper wire.one 15cm piece of copper wire, 2 six volt batteries, 1 teaspoon table salt, stirring rod, salt water, 2 test tubes.

Follow the procedure on page 73-74.

Complete the follow-up investigation quiz. (The 3 questions will be the same as the three questions on P74)

Lesson 4 "How Do Scientists Know What Atoms Are Like?"

Visually Scan Pages 75-79; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 75-79 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles and questions in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 75-79.

Read Pages 75-78 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 79? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 4 "How Do Scientists Know What Atoms Are Like?" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 4 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Model -a picture, an idea, or an object that is built to explain how something else looks or works.

Nucleus - the central part of an atom.

Proton - a tiny particle in the nucleus of an atom has a positive charge.

Electron - a tiny particle of an atom that moves around the nucleus has a negative charge.

Neutron - a tiny particle in the nucleus of an atom that is similar to a proton in size has no charge.

Section Review Answers

1. Scientists decide what atoms look like based on how the atoms act.
2. Scientists use models to explain how things look or act.
3. The element has three protons.
4. The element has three eletrons.
5. The element is lithium.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe what a model is and explain how scientists use it?

Are you able to explain how models of the atom have changed?

Can you describe the electron cloud model?

Investigation 3-2 "Making Models of Atoms"

Optional, (must complete 3 this quarter)

Gather the materials you need; safety glasses, three different colored piesces of modeling clay, craft sticks, meter ruler.

Follow the procedure on page 80-81.

Complete the follow-up investigation quiz. (The 5 questions will be the same as the 5 questions on P81)

Lesson 5 "Identifying Elements"

Visually Scan Pages 82-86; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 82-86 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles and questions in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 82-86.

Read Pages 82-85 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 86? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 5 "Identifying Elements" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 5 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Atomic number - a number equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Mass number - a nubmer equal to the sum of thenumber of protons and neutrons in an atom of an element.

Section Review Answers

1. The element has 33 protons.
2. The element's atomic number is 26.
3. It has 6 neutrons.
4. sodium - 11 protons, 11 electrons; aluminum - atomic number 17,17 electrons; calcium - atomic number 20,20 protons.
5. silver-atomic number 47,47 electrons, 61 neutrons; silicon-atomic number 14, mass number 28, 14 protons; calcium - 20 protons, 20 electrons, 20 neutrons; iodine - 53 protons, 53 electrons, 74 neutrons; chlorine - mass number 35, 17 protons, 17 electrons; sulfur - atomic number 16 16 protons, 16 neutrrons; potassium-atomic number 19,19 electrons, 20 neutrons.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain what the atomic number of an element is?

Are you able to explain how the mass number of an element is determined?

 Preparing for Chapter 3 Test

Turn to Page 87 and read the Chapter 3 summary.

On pages 88-89 you will find the Chapter 3 review, complete the review.

Check your answers with those in the Key Points.

Take the Chapter 3 Test "The Metric System"

Review the answers then print the results for your records.

Chapter 3 Review answers

1. molecule
2. liquid
3. gas
4. solid
5. plasma
6. element
7. atom
8. nucleus
9. natural element
10. compound
11. A
12. C
13. D
14. B
15. D
16. B
17. C
18. In a solid, molecules vibrate back and forth but stay close together. In a liquid, the molecules are weaker and can slide past each other. In a gas, molecules are very weak and move around freely.
19. The figures shows a molecule because it is made up of two different kinds of elements.
20. The atom has 6 prontons and 6 neutrons. It has 6 electrons. The element's atomic number is 6. Its mass number is 12.

Congratulations you finished the third chapter !!