AIDE Physical Science Assignment Guide and Key Points

 

Chapter 5 "Compounds"

 

Lesson 1 "What are Some Characteristics of Compounds"

Turn to page 118 look at the picture on those pages read about it and the short introduction to Chapter 5

Visually Scan Pages 118-120; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 118-120 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Look for and read any little blue boxes on pages 118-120

Read Pages 118-119 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 120? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 1 "What are Some Characteristics of Compounds" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 1 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Chemical change - a change that produces one or more new substances with new chemical properties.

Physical change - a change in which the appearance (physical properties of a substance changes but its chemical properties stay the same.

 

Section Review Answers

  1. physical; no new substances formed.
  2. chemical; new substances-rust formed
  3. physical; no new substances formed
  4. chemical; new substance - cooked cake.
  5. physical; no new substances formed

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe a chemical change?

Are you able to describe some characteristics of compounds?

 Investigation 5-1 "Observing a Chemical Change"

Optional, (must complete 3 this quarter)

Gather the materials you need; safety glasses, 2 small jars with lids, distilled water, washing soda, 2 plastic spoons, epsom salts, clock, soft-drink bottle, vinegar, baking soda, balloon .

Follow the procedure on page 121-122.

Complete the follow-up investigation quiz. (The 5 questions will be the same as the five questions on P122)

 

 

Lesson 2 "How Compounds Are Formed"

Visually Scan Pages 123-128; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 123-128 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Read Pages 123-127 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 128? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 2 "How Compounds Are Formed" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 2 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Energy level - one of the spaces around the nucleus of an atom in which an electron moves.

an atom that has either a positive or a negative charge.

Chemical bond - the attractive force that holds atoms together.

 

 

Section Review Answers

  1. Electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom in several energy levels that are rather like the multiple layers of an onion.
  2. Electrons fill the energy levels of an atom from the innermost layer, Level K, to the outermost, level N.
  3. The atom would tend to lose electrons; Level M can hold 18 electrons, so if it has only 3 electrons, it is more likely to give up 3 rather than to take on 15 more to become stable.
  4. An atom with a single electron in its outer energy level may give it up; at the same time, a nearby atom with an outer level lacking one electron may grab ont the free electron. In the process, the first atom becomes a positively charged ion, the second, a negatively charged ion. The opposite charges cause the ions to bond together, forming a new compound.
  5. Level M can hold 18 electrons.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe how electrons in an atom are arranged?

Are you able to explain how electrons fill the energy levels?

Are you able to explain how atoms combine to form compounds?

Can you explain how ions form chemical bonds?

 

Lesson 3 "Chemical Formulas"

Visually Scan Pages 129-133; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 129-133 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 129-133.

Read Pages 129-132 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 133? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 3 "Chemical Formulas" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 3 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Chemical formula - tells the kinds of atoms and how many of each kind are in a compound.

subscript - a number in a formula that tells the number of atoms of an element in a compound.

radicals - a group of two or more atoms that acts like one atom.

 

Section Review Answers

  1. (Given)
  2. K2Cr2O7 ; K, potassium, 2, 2; Cr, chromium, 2,2; O, oxygen, 7,7.
  3. H2SO4: H, hydrogen, 2,2; S, sulfur, none, 1; O, oxygen, 4,4
  4. KClO3: K, potassium, none, 1; Cl, chlorine, none, 1; O, oxygen, 3,3.
  5. HCl: H, hydrogen, none, 1; Cl, chlorine, none, 1
  6. A formula tells what kind of atoms are in a compound and how many atoms of each type are present.
  7. AlCl3
  8. Al, aluminum, 2, not in a radical, 2
  9. S, sulfur, none, 3, 3.
  10. O, oxygen, 4, 3, 12 Total atoms 17.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain how to write a chemical formula?

Are you able to interpret a chemical formula?

Are you able to explain what a radical is?

Are you able to give examples of radicals?

Lesson 4 "How Compounds Are Named"

Visually Scan Pages 134-137; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 134-137 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles and questions in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 134-137.

Read Pages 134-136 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 137? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 4 "How Compounds are Named?" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 4 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Binary compound - a compound that contains two electrons.

 

 

Section Review Answers

  1. calcium bromide
  2. aluminum chloride
  3. silver iodide
  4. magnesium oxide
  5. calcium chloride
  6. barium iodide
  7. calcium chloride
  8. hydrogen chloride
  9. magnesium sulfide
  10. sodium bromide
  11. aluminum sulfate
  12. barium hydroxide
  13. aluminum nitrate
  14. potassium carbonate
  15. zinc sulfate

Did you learn these Objectives?

Are you able to explain how compounds containing tow elements are named?

Are you able to explain how compounds containing more than two elements are named?

Lesson 5 "Acids and Bases"

 

Visually Scan Pages 138-142; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 138-142 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles and questions in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 138-142.

Read Pages 138-141 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 142? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 5 "Acids and Bases" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 5 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Acid - a compound that reacts with metals to produce hydrogen.

base - a compound that contains the hydroxyl (OH) radical.

indicator - a substance that changes color when in an acid or a base.

pH- A number that tells whether a substance is an acid or a base.

 

Section Review Answers

  1. acid
  2. base
  3. acid
  4. base
  5. base
  6. base
  7. base
  8. acid
  9. acid
  10. acid

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe the properties of acids?

Are you able to describe the properties of bases?

Can you explain how to test for acids and bases?

Investigation 3-2 "Identifying Acids and Bases"

Optional, (must complete 3 this quarter)

Gather the materials you need; safety glasses, marker, 8 small paper cups, spoon, aspirin tablet, baking soda, white vinegar, lemon juice, weak ammonia solution, soap, soft drink, milk of magnesia, re-cabbage juice, graduated cylinder, litmus paper.

Follow the procedure on page 143-144.

Complete the follow-up investigation quiz. (The 3 questions will be the same as the 3 questions on P81)

 

 

 Preparing for Chapter 5 Test

Turn to Page 145 and read the Chapter 5 summary.

On pages 146-147 you will find the Chapter 5 review, complete the review.

Check your answers with those in the Key Points.

Take the Chapter 5 Test "Compounds"

Review the answers then print the results for your records.

 

Chapter 5 Review answers

  1. indicator
  2. physical change
  3. pH
  4. acid
  5. base
  6. ion
  7. chemical formula
  8. chemical change
  9. subscript
  10. chemical bond
  11. radicals
  12. B
  13. A
  14. C
  15. D

 

Congratulations you finished the fifth chapter !!