AIDE Physical Science Assignment Guide and Key Points

 

Chapter 9 "Heat"

 

Lesson 1 "What is Heat"

Turn to page239 look at the picture on those pages read about it and the short introduction to Chapter 9

Visually Scan Pages 240-243; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 240-243 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Look for and read any little blue boxes on pages 240-243

Read Pages 240-242 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 243? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 1 "What is Heat" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 1 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Heat - a form of energy resulting from the motion of particles in matter.

heat source - a place from which heat energy comes.

nuclear fission - the reaction that occurs when the nucleus of an atom splits and energy is released as heat and light.

Nuclear fusion - the reaction that occurs when atoms are joined together and energy is released.

 

Section Review Answers

  1. Heat is a form of energy that results from the motion of particles in matter. Heat flows from a warmer object to a cooler object.
  2. The motion of atoms and molecules in matter produces heat energy.
  3. Rubbing your hands together is mechanical energy that results in friction, which produces heat. It is possible you may have a different answer.
  4. Hat energy flows from a warm object to a cooler object.
  5. Nuclear energy produces the sun's heat.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you define heat?

Are you able to explain how heat energy can do work?

Are you able to explain how hat is produced?

Can you describe some sources of heat?

 

Lesson 2 "How Heat Affects Matter"

Visually Scan Pages 244-246; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 244-246 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Read Pages 244-245 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 246? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 2 "How Heat Affects Matter" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 2 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

evaporate - to change from a liquid to a gas.

Condensation - to change from a gas to a liquid

Expand - to become larger in size

Contract - to become smaller in size.

 

Section Review Answers

  1. An ice cube melts when it is heated, changing from a solid to a liquid.
  2. Heat from the sun causes the water molecules in the puddle to move faster. The molecules bump into each other and push each other apart. The water changes from a liquid to a gas.
  3. Heat causes matter to expand. As matter loses heat, its particles move more slowly and stay closer together, causing the matter to contract.
  4. Heat makes the water molecules move faster, causing them to push each other apart. As a result, the water evaporates, or changes from a liquid to a gas.
  5. Yes, fog consists of tiny drops of liquid water. It can form in cool air, which cannot hold as much water vapor as warm air.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe how heat affects solids?

Are you able to describe how heat affects liquids?

Can you describe how matter expands and contracts?

 Investigation 9-1 "Observing and Comparing Expansion and Contraction"

Optional, (must complete 3 this quarter)

Gather the materials you need; safety glasses, balloon, flask or a soda bottle, masking tape, 2 buckets, cold water, warm water, paper towels.

Follow the procedure on page 247-248

Complete the follow-up investigation quiz. (The 3 questions will be the same as the three questions on P248)

 

 

Lesson 3 "Temperature"

Visually Scan Pages 249-255; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 249-255 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 249-255.

Read Pages 249-254 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 255? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 3 "Temperature" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 3 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

temperature - a measure of how fast an object's particles are moving.

thermometer - a device that measures temperature.

Fahrenheit scale - the temperature scale commonly used in the United States, in which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees.

Celsius scale - the temperature scale used by scientists and by people in many countries, in which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees.

degree - a unit of measurement on a temperature scale.

freezing point - the temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid.

melting point - the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.

boiling point - the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas under normal atmospheric pressure.

 

Section Review Answers

  1. The faster the molecules in an object move, the higher the temperature of the object.
  2. When the liquid in a thermometer is heated, it expands, rising up the thermometer. The number it stops beside shows the temperature of the substance touching the bulb of the thermometer.
  3. A 34 degrees F; B 66 degrees C; C -4 degrees F; D 100 degrees C
  4. A substance's freezing point is the temperature at which the substance changes from a liquid to a solid.
  5. A substance's melting point is the temperature at which it changes from a solid to a liquid.
  6. The boiling point is the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
  7. You can change a substance's freezing point by mixing in a substance with a different freezing point.
  8. 1.67 degrees C
  9. 64.4 degrees F
  10. 23 degrees C It is equal to 73.4 degrees F.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain how temperature is measured.

Are you able to compare and contrast temperature scales.

Can you describe freezing point, melting point, and boiling point.

Lesson 4 "How to Measure Heat"

Visually Scan Pages 256-259; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 256-259 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles and questions in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 256-259

Read Pages 256-258 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 259? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 4 "How to Measure Heat" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 4 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

calorie - a unit of heat; the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1 degree C.

 

 

Section Review Answers

  1. The object with the greater mass gives off the most heat.
  2. 125 calories
  3. 150 calories
  4. 20 calories
  5. -175 calories
  6. -528 calories
  7. -192 calories
  8. 1 degree C
  9. 10 degrees C
  10. 15 degrees C

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain how temperature and heat differ?

Are you able to explain how heat is measured?

Are you able to calculate heat gain and loss?

Investigation 9-2 "Measuring the Rate of Heat Loss"

Optional, (must complete 3 this quarter)

Gather the materials you will need for this lab, safety glasses, a large jar, hot tap water, small jar, 2 celsius thermometers (contact instructor if you do not have), clock, ice water.

Follow the procedure on page 260-261.

Complete the follow-up investigation quiz. (The 3 questions will be the same as the three questions on P261)

 

 

Lesson 5 "How Heat Travels"

Visually Scan Pages 262-266; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Visually Scan Pages 262-266 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Visually Scan for an read the short articles and questions in the blue boxes that you find on Pages 262-266.

Read Pages 262-265 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 266? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 5 "How Heat Travels" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

 

Lesson 5 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Vacuum - space that contains no matter.

Radiation - the movement of energy through a vacuum

conduction - the movement of heat energy from one molecule to the next.

conductor - material through which heat travels easily.

insulator - material that does not conduct heat well.

convection - flow of energy that occurs when a warm liquid or gas rises.

 

Section Review Answers

  1. The sun's heat travels to the earth by radiation through a vacuum.
  2. Heat moves from one molecule to the next.
  3. Conduction heats the air near the heater. By convection, the warm air rises and cool air moves in to take its place. The warm air cools as it moves through the room. It flows back to the heater and is warmed again.
  4. A vacuum is space that contains no matter.
  5. Heat energy can flow through a conductor easily. Energy can't move easily through an insulator.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain how matter is heated by radiation.

Are you able to explain how matter is heated by convection.

Can you explain how matter is heated by conduction.

 Preparing for Chapter 9 Test

Turn to Page 267 and read the Chapter 9 summary.

On pages 268-269 you will find the Chapter 9 review, complete the review.

Check your answers with those in the Key Points.

Take the Chapter 9 Test "Heat"

Review the answers then print the results for your records.

 

Chapter 9 Review answers

  1. thermometer
  2. temperature
  3. convection
  4. conduction
  5. Celsius Scale
  6. evaporate
  7. D
  8. D
  9. B
  10. A
  11. D
  12. C
  13. B
  14. The ice cream melts faster in a dish that is room temperature because heat energy flows from a warmer object to a cooler object. The heat energy from the dish flows to the ice cream.
  15. No, the larger container has more surface area and so it gives off more heat that the cup.

 

Congratulations you finished the ninth chapter !!