Lesson 1 "The Gilded Age"

Turn to Page 402 analyze the timeline at the bottom of the page and read the introduction to the chapter.

Scan Pages 403-404; focus on the gray boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 403-404 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Scan for an read the short articles in the colored boxes that you find on Pages 403-404.

Read Pages 403-404 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 404? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 1 "A New Spirit of Reform" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 1 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Contract - A work agreement between at least two groups

Gilded - covered with a thin coating of gold

Reform - a change in tended to make something better.

Investigate - to look into something to solve a problem or to answer a question.

Section Review Answers

1. Reform is a change intended to make something better.
2. Credit Mobilier was a construction company purchased by the Union Pacific Railroad.
3. Credit Mobilier got its money from the Union Pacific Railroad; Union Pacific overpaid Credit Mobilier for doing work for the government.
4. Oakes Ames, a congressman from Massachusetts, and Schuyler Colfax, the Vice President of the United States, were two of many who were involved in Credit Mobilier Scandal.
5. William Belknap was corrupt because he made money by cheating American Indians living on reservations.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain the concept of reform?

Are you able to describe the Credit Mobilier Scandal and Congress's investigation of it?

Are you able to describe the corruption in President Grant's administration?

Lesson 2 "Reformers Challenge Political Practices"

Scan Pages 405-408; focus on the gray boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 405-408 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Scan for an read the short articles in the colored boxes that you find on Pages 405-408.

Read Pages 405-408 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 408? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 2 "Reformers Challenge Political Practices" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 2 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Political boss - a professional politician who controls a party or a political machine

Bribe - payment to someone to make the person act in a certain way.

Civil service - a system in which people qualify for government jobs by passing a test.

Mugwump - a reform group that wanted to replace the spoils system with civil service.

Section Review Answers

1. A reform group that wanted to replace the spoils system with civil service was called the mugwumps.
2. A political boss is a professional politician who controls a party or a political machine.
3. Boss Tweed was arrested in 1873 for political corruption.
4. Mugwumps wanted to start civil service
5. Grover Cleveland did not believe in the spoils system.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain how political bosses such as William Tweed controlled political organizations?

Are you able to describe how the spoils system was connected to the assassination of President Garfield and was reformed by instituting civil service?

Are you able to describe the government reforms established by Presidents Hayes, Arthur, and Cleveland?

Lesson 3 "Labor Unions Are Formed"

Scan Pages 409-411; focus on the gray boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 409-411 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Scan for an read the short articles in the colored boxes that you find on Pages 409-411.

Read Pages 409-411 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 411? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 3 "Labor Unions Are Formed" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 3 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Labor union - an organized group of workers that seeks reforms in the workplace.

Anarchist - a person or group against all forms of government.

strike - a kind of protest in which union workers refuse to work until their demands are met.

Stikebreaker - a nonunion worker used to replace striking union workers

Section Review Answers

1. A labor union is an organized group of workers that seeks reforms in the workplace.
2. The Knights of Labor planned to give free land to farmers.
3. The American Federation of Labor worked mostly on labor problems.
4. Samuel Gompers led the American Federation of Labor.
5. A strike is a kind of protest in which union workers refuse to work until their demands are met.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you give the reasons for the beginning of labor unions?

Can you compare the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor?

Can yo describe strikes and , in particular, the violent strike in Chicago that destroyed the Knights of Labor?

Lesson 4 "Reformers Start a Political Party"

Scan Pages 412-415; focus on the gray boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 412-415 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Scan for an read the short articles and questions in the colored boxes that you find on Pages 412-415.

Read Pages 412-415 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 415? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 4 "Reformers Start a Political Party" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 4 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Prosecute - to charge with a crime

Gold standard - a system in which gold backs a nation's money supply

Section Review Answers

1. Small businesses were organized into trust companies to increase the companies' wealth.
2. The Sherman Anti-Trust Act made it illegal for large companies to prevent others from doing business.
3. The Populist party thought that a few powerful businesses could destroy American democracy.
4. Two political parties nominated William Jennings Bryan for President.
5. William Jennings Bryan lost the election of 1896

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe trust companies and the laws passed to limit them?

Are you able to describe the organization and end of the Populist party?

Can you examine the gold standard controversy and how it affected the 1896 presidential election?

 Preparing for Chapter 21 Test

Turn to Page 416 and read the article, "Declaration of Woman's Christian Temperance Union".

Turn to Page 417 and read the Chapter 21 summary.

On page 418-419 you will find the Chapter 21 review, complete the review.

Check your answers with those in the Key Points.

Take the Chapter 21 Test "Credit Mobilier

Review the answers then print the results for your records.

Chapter 21 Review answers

1. Boss Tweed

2. civil service

3. American Federation of Labor

4. Interstate Commerce Act

5. Knights of Labor

6. Sherman Anti-Trust Act

7. strike

8. Thomas Nast

9. Mugwumps

10. Whiskey Ring

11. William Jeennings Bryan

12. Chester A. Arthur"

The Comprehension: Understanding Main Ideas

1. The Knights of Labor were blamed for the bombing, so workers did not want to be associated with the group.
2. The Populists believed that the government would take more interest in the common person, rather than paying so much attention to big businesses that threatened democracy.
3. The civil service made sure that a person was qualified for a job in the government. It helped eliminate the spoils system.
4. Labor unions helped workers obtain better working conditions, better pay, and other benefits.

Congratulations you finished the Chapter 21!!