Lesson 1 "A Plan of Government for the New Nation"

Turn to page24 look at the picture on those pages read about it and the short introduction to chapter 2

Scan Pages 24-25; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 24-25 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Read Pages 24-25 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 25? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 1 "A Plan of Government for the New Nation" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 1 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Delegate - a person chosen to speak or act for another person or group.

treaty - an agreement between two or more countries or states about trade, peace, or other matters.

Financial - having to do with money

Justice - fair and equal treatment under the law; the use of authority to uphold what is right and lawful.

revise - to improve; to bring up to date.

Section Review Answers

1. No, they were not satisfied.
2. No, the Articles of Confederation did not set up a justice system.
3. No, the Articles did not provide for a strong national government.
4. No, they did not provide for a president.
5. Under the Articles, Congress did not have money to pay for an army or navy to defend the nation.
6. Each state could print different values of money; they could print too much money and make it worthless; there could be problems with buying and selling among states because their money would be different.
7. There could have been provision for a president, a plan for a justice system, and enforcement clauses.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Are you able to describe the provisions of the Articles of Confederation?

Can you name the reasons why the Articles of Confederation did not work?

Lesson 2 "The Constitutional Convention"

Scan Pages 26-28; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 26-28 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Read Pages 26-28 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 28? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 2 "The Constitutional Convention" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 2 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Unitary - a system of government that gives all key powers to the national or central government.

representative - a member of a government branch chosen through an election by a group of people.

federal - a system of government in which power is divided between a central government and state governments

Voting power - the right to vote

responsibility - an activity or task that is assigned to a person or group.

Executive - a person or group having the power to carry out the plans and duties of a group; for example, a president.

Section Review Answers

1. George Washington
2. revise Articles of Confederation
3. delegates
4. federal government
5. New Jersey Plan
6. Example: If the New Jersey Plan was chosen, the country would have more than one chief executive, each in charge of different parts or sections of the country; the country might be less united; the states might have more power because they could make their own laws and regulations for trade; there might be arguing or wars among the states.
7. Some students might support the Virginia Plan (Large states) on grounds that the central government needed to be strong. You may have favored the New Jersey Plan (small states) on grounds that additional checks and balances on the central government's power would have been desirable.
8. Example: Yes, they would have met in secret because their business was so important that they would need to insulate themselves against pressures and disturbances. No, it would have been very difficult for delegates to meet secretly in the age of television, the Internet, and intense pressures for public disclosure and accountability.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you name the ideas the delegates wanted to include in the federal form of government?

Are you able to compare and contrast the ideas in the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?

Lesson 3 "Compromises Made at the Convention"

Scan Pages 29-31; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 29-31 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Read the two paragraphs on Libraries in the United States on page 30

Read Pages 29-30 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 31? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 3 "Compromises Made at the Convention" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 3 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Compromise - a settlement of differences in which each side gives up some of its demands.

Interstate - between or connecting two or more states.

imports - goods bought from foreign countries

exports - goods sold and shipped to foreign countries.

Section Review Answers

1. A
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. D
6. Example: The delegates made this decision in accordance with the interests of the larger states, which would acquire more representation in one house of the legislature because of their larger population.
7. Example: Congress was put in charge of interstate commerce in order to minimize bickering, rivalry, and confusingly different standards among the states.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you explain the problems of government that needed to be settled before a plan of government was chosen?

Are you able to briefly describe each of the four main compromises made at the Constitutional Convention?

Lesson 4 "Guiding Principles of the Constitution"

Scan Pages 32-34; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 32-34 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Read Pages 32-34 (take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 34? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 4 "Guiding Principles of the Constitution" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 4 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Principle - a basic truth, law, or ideal of behavior.

Popular sovereignty - people elect their leaders.

Limited government - all parts of government must obey the law.

separation of power - Government power is divided between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

Checks and balances - a plan to keep any part of government fro becoming too powerful.

Federalism - a government system in which power is divided between the national and state governments.

Judicial - having to do with courts of law and justice.

Unconstitutional - Not following the constitution

Section Review Answers

1. separation of powers
2. checks and balances
3. federalism
4. popular sovereignty
5. limited government
6. Sample answer: Popular sovereignty is needed because it ensures that the people can change their government if the government turns out to be inefficient, incompetent, unfair, or unjust.
7. Support your response with reasons and examples.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Are you able to define each guiding principle of democracy considered in the Constitution?

Can you name the limits placed on each branch of government by the other branches.

Lesson 5 "The Struggle for Approval"

Scan Pages 35-39; focus on the blue boxes, which contain the key vocabulary terms.

Scan Pages 35-39 for pictures and diagrams, read each of the captions.

Scan for an read the short articles and questions in the olive/orange/brown/blue boxes that you find on Pages 35-39.

Read Pages 35-38(take notes of important ideas)

Do you know the answers to the questions on page 39? (See Key Points below for help)

Do you know the vocabulary words? (See Key Points below for help)

Take the quiz on Lesson 5 "The Struggle for Approval" (You may use the book, notes and Key Points for help on the quizzes. NOT ON TESTS!)

Review answers on the quiz and print it out. This will be very useful when you are studying for the test.

Lesson 5 Key Points

Vocabulary Terms

Persuade - to urge someone to do or believe something by giving reasons

Ratify - to approve

Federalist - a person who favored the Constitution

Authority - The power or right to command or make final decisions

Essay - a short writing on a special subject.

Rule of Law - Government leaders must act according to the law.

Civilian - a person not on active duty in a military, police, or fire-fighting force.

Enumerated powers - the 18 powers of Congress numbered from 1 to 18 in the Constitution.

Anti-Federalist - A person who favored state and individual rights.

Guarantee - an agreement to protect a possession or right.

Temporary - lasting for a limited time.

Section Review Answers

1. Federalists
2. nine
3. Anti-Federalists
4. Anti - Federalists
5. all
6. People would be denied certain basic rights, such as freedom or speech, freedom to worship, freedom of the press, and the right to a fair trial. They could not ask the government for help or assemble for peaceful purposes.
7. Methods include newspaper advertising, pamphlets, billboard advertising, magazines, telephone calls, Internet, radio, and TV programs. Explain your choice of the most effective method.
8. A written constitution helps to minimize ambiguity about people's rights. Those who believe they have suffered an infringement on their rights can go to court and cite the relevant clause or provision in the constitution.

Did you learn these Objectives?

Can you describe the process used for ratifying the Constitution?

Are you able to explain the beliefs of the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists, and the means they used to make these beliefs known?

Can you tell why the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution and its importance toward getting the Constitution ratified?

 Preparing for Chapter 2 Test

Turn to Page 40 and read the article "Federalist Paper, No.51".

Turn to Page 41 and read the Chapter 2 summary.

On page 42-43 you will find the Chapter 2review, complete the review.

Check your answers with those in the Key Points.

Take the Chapter 2 Test "Creation of American Government"

Review the answers then print the results for your records.

Chapter 2 Review answers

1. Revolutionary War
2. first plan of government
3. too weak
4. Virginia Plan
5. Separation of Powers
6. Popular sovereignty
7. unconstitutional
8. D
9. B
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. B
14. The colonies needed to plan to run the new country, and the Articles did not make the government strong enough.
15. The Federalists favored the Constitution and strong national government, and the Anti-Federalists preferred stronger state government and individual rights
16. After pressure from Anti-Federalists, the Federalists added amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, to the Constitution. Each state then held conventions to ratify the constitution.
17. The southern states exported a great deal of rice and tobacco. They feared they would lose this trade if items were taxed, and they feared Congress would stop the slave trade, so they favored controlling their own foreign trade.
18. A one-part legislature was not fair to larger states, and two executives would lead to a weak executive office.
19. You should have refereed to popular sovereignty, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, and some more detailed explanation of the one you selected.
20. You should have included how the Bill of Rights guarantees individual freedoms.